Vacterl and Vater
VACTERL is a mnemonic in which the letters each stand for one or more type of malformation:
V = Vertebral anomalies
A = Anal atresia (no hole at the bottom end of the intestine)
C = Cardiac defect, most often ventricular septal defect
TE = TracheoEsophageal fistula (communication between the esophagus and trachea) with esophageal atresia
R = Renal (kidney) abnormalities
L = Limb abnormalities, most often radial dysplasia (abnormal formation
of the thumb or the radius bone in the
forearm).
Birth defects are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth that cause physical or mental disability.